A person's desires for a comfortable life and family security represent _________ values, whereas his or her desires to be honest and hard working represent _________ values.

A person's desires for a comfortable life and family security represent _________ values, whereas his or her desires to be honest and hard working represent _________ values.

(a) terminal; instrumental
(b) instrumental; terminal
(c) universal; individual
(d) individual; universal








Answer: A

In respect to the link between bad management and ethical behavior, research shows that _________.

In respect to the link between bad management and ethical behavior, research shows that _________.

(a) managers who set unrealistic goals can cause unethical behavior
(b) most whistleblowers just want more pay
(c) only top managers really serve as ethics role models
(d) a good code of ethics makes up for any management deficiencies







Answer: A

At what Kohlberg calls the _________ level of moral development, an individual can be expected to act consistent with peers, meet obligations, and follow rules of social conduct.

At what Kohlberg calls the _________ level of moral development, an individual can be expected to act consistent with peers, meet obligations, and follow rules of social conduct.

(a) postconventional
(b) conventional
(c) preconventional
(d) nonconventional








Answer: B

If a manager takes a lot of time explaining to a subordinate why he did not get a promotion and sincerely listens to his concerns, this is an example of an attempt to act ethically according to _________ justice.

If a manager takes a lot of time explaining to a subordinate why he did not get a promotion and sincerely listens to his concerns, this is an example of an attempt to act ethically according to _________ justice.

(a) utilitarian
(b) commutative
(c) interactional
(d) universal








Answer: C

Which ethical position has been criticized as a source of "ethical imperialism"?

Which ethical position has been criticized as a source of "ethical imperialism"?

(a) Individualism
(b) Absolutism
(c) Utilitarianism
(d) Relativism








Answer: B

Two employees are talking about ethics in their workplaces. Jay says that ethics training and codes of ethical conduct are worthless; Maura says they are the only ways to ensure ethical behavior by all employees. Who is right, and why?

Two employees are talking about ethics in their workplaces. Jay says that ethics training and codes of ethical conduct are worthless; Maura says they are the only ways to ensure ethical behavior by all employees. Who is right, and why?

(a) Jay—no one really cares about ethics at work.
(b) Maura—only the organization can influence ethical behavior.
(c) Neither Jay nor Maura—training and codes can encourage but never guarantee ethical behavior.
(d) Neither Jay nor Maura—only the threat of legal punishment will make people act ethically.









Answer: C

Someone who exposes the ethical misdeeds of others in an organization is usually called a/an _________.

Someone who exposes the ethical misdeeds of others in an organization is usually called a/an _________.

(a) whistleblower
(b) ethics advocate
(c) ombudsman
(d) stakeholder







Answer: A

According to research on ethics in the workplace, _________ is/are often a major and frequent source of pressures that create ethical dilemmas for people in their jobs.

According to research on ethics in the workplace, _________ is/are often a major and frequent source of pressures that create ethical dilemmas for people in their jobs.

(a) Declining morals in society
(b) Long work hours
(c) Low pay
(d) Requests or demands from bosses








Answer: D

If a manager fails to enforce a late-to-work policy for all workers—that is, by allowing some favored employees to arrive late without penalties—this would be considered a violation of _________.

If a manager fails to enforce a late-to-work policy for all workers—that is, by allowing some favored employees to arrive late without penalties—this would be considered a violation of _________.

(a) human rights
(b) personal values
(c) distributive justice
(d) cultural relativism







Answer: C

A business owner makes a decision to reduce a plant's workforce by 10% to cut costs and be able to save jobs for the other 90% of employees. Th is decision could be justified as ethical by using the _________ approach to moral reasoning.

A business owner makes a decision to reduce a plant's workforce by 10% to cut costs and be able to save jobs for the other 90% of employees. Th is decision could be justified as ethical by using the _________ approach to moral reasoning.

(a) utilitarian
(b) individualism
(c) justice
(d) moral rights







Answer: A

When managers make decisions based on solid facts and information, this is known as _________.

When managers make decisions based on solid facts and information, this is known as _________.

(a) continuous improvement
(b) evidence-based management
(c) Theory Y
(d) The scalar chain







Answer: B

If an organization is considered an open system, work activities that turn resources into outputs are part of the _________ process.

If an organization is considered an open system, work activities that turn resources into outputs are part of the _________ process.

(a) input
(b) transformation
(c) output
(d) feedback








Answer: B

The highest level in Maslow's hierarchy is _________.

The highest level in Maslow's hierarchy is _________.

(a) safety
(b) esteem
(c) self-actualization
(d) physiological









Answer: C

The big interest today in _________ refers to the management practice of using mathematics and computing power to examine "big data" for insights on business.

The big interest today in _________ refers to the management practice of using mathematics and computing power to examine "big data" for insights on business.

(a) continuous improvement
(b) Theory X
(c) analytics
(d) total quality management





Answer: A

____ management assumes people are complex, with widely varying needs.

____ management assumes people are complex, with widely varying needs.

(a) Classical
(b) Neoclassical
(c) Behavioral
(d) Modern






Answer: C

When a worker is a responsible parent, makes car payments, and is active in local organizations, how might Argyris explain her poor work performance?

When a worker is a responsible parent, makes car payments, and is active in local organizations, how might Argyris explain her poor work performance?

(a) She isn't treated as an adult at work.
(b) Managers are using Theory Y assumptions.
(c) Organizational subsystems are inefficient.
(d) She doesn't have the right work skills.







Answer: A

If an organization was performing poorly, what would Henri Fayol most likely advise as a way to improve things?

If an organization was performing poorly, what would Henri Fayol most likely advise as a way to improve things?

(a) teach managers to better plan, organize, lead, and control
(b) give workers better technology
(c) promote only the best workers to management
(d) find ways to improve total quality management









Answer: A

One of the conclusions from the Hawthorne studies was that _________.

One of the conclusions from the Hawthorne studies was that _________.

(a) motion studies could improve performance
(b) groups can sometimes restrict the productivity of their members
(c) people respond well to monetary incentives
(d) supervisors should avoid close relations with their subordinates







Answer: B

Which principle states that a person should only receive orders from one boss in an organization?

Which principle states that a person should only receive orders from one boss in an organization?

(a) Scalar
(b) Contingency
(c) Hawthorne
(d) Unity of command






Answer: D

Which of the following is one of the characteristics of Weber's ideal bureaucracy?

Which of the following is one of the characteristics of Weber's ideal bureaucracy?

(a) Few rules and procedures
(b) Impersonality
(c) Promotion by privilege not by merit
(d) Ambiguous hierarchy of authority






Answer: B